Economics and money. Political and epistemological perspectives of connecting and fault lines: a fil rouge from Keynes to digitization

To assess the theoretical and normative consequences of the digitization process in money, finance, and defence, a deeper understanding of the underlying methodological reference frameworks of statistics, probability, economics, and social sciences is needed. This paper addresses the problem by looking at the relationship between inductive and deductive approaches in research methodology and at the century old distinction between measurable objective risk and uncertainty underlined by J. M. Keynes and F. Knight. Assessing the right theoretical framework will be paramount to choose an adequate normative approach in respect to the danger of contagion between the phygital domains, the crypto world and the traditional financial system.