Il diritto all'istruzione dalla riforma Gentile alla "Costituzione scolastica", ovvero del “sabotaggio della Costituzione”

Since its entry into force in 1948, the republican Constitution aimed at introducing and implementing a democratic legal order, also with regards to education, although – according to some scholars – the Charter, for many aspects, was in line with the “riforma Gentile” of 1923. The paper aims at showing that the provisions of the s.c. School Constitution (“Costituzione scolastica”) have been “sabotaged,” starting from the perspective (and from the language) of one of the most eminent members of the Constituent Assembly: Piero Calamandrei. In particular, the work focuses on three aspects that seem to confirm our hypothesis: firstly, the dual training systems, learning and working (the s.c. “alternanza scuola-lavoro”, now “PCTO”); secondly, the new State school and the new manifestations of totalitarianism in the teaching field; thirdly, the configuration of the right to education as a social right conditioned to budgetary needs.