Energy Analysis of a Real Grid Connected Lithium Battery Energy Storage System

Today, in the grid there are more and more installation of renewable energy plants. The renewable sources are so discontinues and they may affect the stability and efficiency of the grid. Many distribution service operators are experimenting the battery energy storage systems (BESSs) to integrate them on the grid and resolve these problems. This paper analyses the energy performance under real conditions of a BESS prototype. The real BESS under focus has made by a lithium battery pack of 16 kWh, a DC/DC converter of 20 kW and an IGBT inverter of 30 kVA with a direct voltage bus of 600 V. The energy analysis has been performed through an integrated data acquisition system that take data from on-board electronic diagnostic measurements and from smart metering data. This latter using remote devices. The tests have been carried out on the system to monitor the following characteristic parameters: current and voltage of the batteries, current and voltage of the grid and current and voltage of the auxiliaries. The system energy performances have been analyzed in dynamic and real conditions with particular reference to the following quantities: energy consumption for the auxiliary system and overall efficiency of the system in a distributed energy resources microgrid. The entire system has been analyzed until twenty-four hours.