In some recent publications (ALFIERI 2016, 2018, forth. a, b) a deep typological differ-ence between the parts of speech system in Latin and in the Sanskrit language of the Rig-veda (RV) has been identified. In Latin, three major classes of simple morphemes are found (nouns, verbs and adjectives); in RV Sanskrit, only two major classes are found (nouns and verbal roots), and the most typical function of the “adjective” (i.e. the modifier that refers to a quality) is coded by a participial construction or a nom-inalization, that is to say by a derived nominal stem built on a verbal root meaning a quality. The present paper aims at re-examining the data discussed in those works to show that: a) the line that divides derivational morphology and the lexicon differs in Latin and in RV Sanskrit, since a whole part of speech (i.e. the adjective) is coded at the level of the lexicon in Latin, but at the level of word-formation in RV Sanskrit; b) the difference between Latin and RV Sanskrit depends on a typological change at the level of the parts of speech that was complete in Latin, but not yet in the RV (namely, the lexicalization of the former derived stems of Indo-European origin).
In alcuni lavori recenti (ALFIERI 2016, 2018, in stampa a, b) è stata identificata una profonda differenza tipologica tra il sistema delle parti del discorso del latino e del sanscrito vedico. In latino ci sono tre classi principali di morfemi primari (nomi, ver-bi e aggettivi); in vedico ce ne sono solo due (nomi e radici verbali), e la funzione ti-pica dell’aggettivo (il modificatore che indica una qualità) è svolta da strutture di tipo participiale o da nominalizzazioni, i.e. da temi aggettivali secondariamente derivati a partire da radici verbali che indicano qualità. In questo caso, ci proponiamo di ri-prendere in mano i dati contenuti in quei lavori per mostrare che la linea di divisione che separa la morfologia derivazionale e il lessico è diversa in latino e in vedico e che questa diversità è il risultato di un mutamento tipologico a livello delle parti del di-scorso realizzatosi in latino ma non ancora in vedico (i.e. la lessicalizzazione di una classe di aggettivi “primari” a partire dagli aggettivi derivati di data IE).
L'aggettivo vedico tra derivazione e lessico
Alfieri L
2019-01-01
Abstract
In some recent publications (ALFIERI 2016, 2018, forth. a, b) a deep typological differ-ence between the parts of speech system in Latin and in the Sanskrit language of the Rig-veda (RV) has been identified. In Latin, three major classes of simple morphemes are found (nouns, verbs and adjectives); in RV Sanskrit, only two major classes are found (nouns and verbal roots), and the most typical function of the “adjective” (i.e. the modifier that refers to a quality) is coded by a participial construction or a nom-inalization, that is to say by a derived nominal stem built on a verbal root meaning a quality. The present paper aims at re-examining the data discussed in those works to show that: a) the line that divides derivational morphology and the lexicon differs in Latin and in RV Sanskrit, since a whole part of speech (i.e. the adjective) is coded at the level of the lexicon in Latin, but at the level of word-formation in RV Sanskrit; b) the difference between Latin and RV Sanskrit depends on a typological change at the level of the parts of speech that was complete in Latin, but not yet in the RV (namely, the lexicalization of the former derived stems of Indo-European origin).File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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